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Information about Home Reverse Osmosis Systems

Below are some basic information and FAQ on the Home Reverse Osmosis system that might help understanding the idea and concept behind this purification method.

 

 


What is a Home RO?

Home Reverse Osmosis is a small system that connects to the inlet tap water of the kitchen sink. It can either be installed under the sink or above it. The water is then treated, purified and stored in a small reservoir tank ready for access through a special faucet installed on the kitchen sink.

Home Reverse Osmosis system consists of the following steps:

1. Pre-filtration   These filters remove chlorine, organic compounds, suspended solids, taste, odors, and colors. They also serve as an early protection to the RO membrane.

 

2. Cross-flow membrane separation   The RO membrane efficiently removes 80-99% of all dissolved solids (TDS), colloidal, ions, inorganic compounds, bacteria, viruses, protozoa and pyrogens in the tap water.

 

3. Post-filtration   The post filter guarantees that no further impurities responsible for odor, taste, and color would be present in the water.

 

4. Disinfection (optional)   The disinfection, using either UV lamps or infrared, further guarantees the removal of any remaining bacteria, viruses or pathogens that might still be present in the water.

Therefore, using a home RO system, you can have access to unlimited volume of pure, refreshing, clean and safe drinking water for you and your family at a very affordable cost.

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How does Home RO work?

The schematic below describes the typical operation of a fixed Home RO system installed under the kitchen sink.
Click on different parts of the picture to get a better appreciation of the system.

 

 

 

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Home RO vs. Bottled Water?

An advantage of Home RO vs. bottled water can be distinguished through the making of soft drinks such as syrups, coffee and tea. Because, RO remove most contaminants from tap water, the taste of a soft beverage made with RO system can really be appreciated.

Furthermore, Home RO will in long term be economically more feasible and considerably reduce cost of buying bottled water, not to mention the cumbersome task of transporting heavy loads of bottles.

 

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Home RO vs. Filter Cartridge Pitchers?

Filter Cartridge Pitchers (FCPs) usually consist of a pre-filter mesh, for the removal of large particulate matters suspended in the water; an activated carbon bed, for the removal of chlorine, some organic compounds such as benzene, taste and odors; and optionally an ion exchange resin for the removal of some inorganic compounds such as lead, mercury and iron. In general FCPs are an effective way to treat tap water, but their applications can be limited. For instance they cannot reduce water hardness and do not remove pathogen agents such as bacteria, viruses and protozoa from tap water. Furthermore, as the filter cartridge ages, bacteria growth in the filter bed becomes a serious problem. Thus, the filter needs to be replaced frequently to prevent health hazards. The FCPs' treated-water should therefore solely be used for cooking or making of hot beverages, where the water is first boiled and the pathogens in it killed.

Home RO, on the other hand, not only removes all the impurities that can be removed by FCPs, but also reduces water hardness and removes bacteria, viruses, and protozoa. Hence, it can be used for both drinking and cooking purposes.

 

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How does Home RO Water taste like?

The taste of the water treated with Home RO depends on two factors: the level of contaminants in the tap water (including dissolved solids), and the removal efficiency of the RO membrane. Depending on the different combinations that could prevail, Home RO water can either taste like distilled water (no minerals), treated bottled water (low mineral content), or natural spring water (moderate mineral content).

 

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How often should the filters and membrane be replaced?

The maintenance and replacement of the filters and membrane strongly depend on the level of contamination and the usage frequency.  As a general rule, the three pre-filter cartridges should be changed every 6 months. The 5 micron sediment cartridge filter is the first one; the second is a carbon cartridge filter, and the third one is a 1 micron sediment filters. (some systems comes with the Extruded carbon filter.) Failure to change the cartridge every 6 months may cause chlorine to destroy the membrane.
The replacement of the RO membrane  will depend on the efficiency and the scheduled maintenance of the pre-filters. In general its replacement period is between 6 months to 1 year.

 

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